Content focused exclusively on:

• lighting systems

• rules for use of lights

• transport of goods (cargo)

• transport of persons

• techniques and rules frequently appearing in the DGT exam

1. VEHICLE LIGHTING

Mandatory use of lights

Lights must be used to:

• see

• be seen

• increase safety

Position lights

They indicate:

• presence of the vehicle.

They are used:

• in low visibility conditions

• when parking on certain roads.

Dipped beam (low beam)

Used:

• at night

• in tunnels

• with rain or fog

• when there is insufficient visibility

💡 Frequently asked:

Dipped beam is the most used light in normal nighttime driving.

Main beam (high beam)

Used:

• on interurban roads without lighting

Must be switched to dipped beam when:

• there are vehicles ahead

• vehicles are approaching from the opposite direction

💡 Typical DGT mistake:

Do not dazzle other drivers.

Front fog light

Used:

• in fog

• heavy rain

• snow

It helps to:

• improve close-range visibility

Rear fog light

Mandatory or recommended use:

• dense fog

• very heavy rain

💡 Important:

It is very powerful and can dazzle if misused.

Turn signals

They are used to:

• indicate maneuvers

• turns

• overtaking

• lane changes

💡 DGT rule:

Always signal before maneuvering.

Hazard lights

Used when:

• there is danger

• vehicle stopped due to breakdown

Lighting in tunnels

Mandatory to use:

• dipped beam

Incorrect use of lights

It is prohibited to:

• dazzle other drivers

• use high beam unnecessarily

2. CARGO TRANSPORT (GOODS)

General principles

The cargo must be transported:

• safely

• properly secured

• without danger to traffic

Securing the cargo

The following must be avoided:

• shifting

• falling

• excessive noise or vibration

💡 Frequently asked:

Poorly secured cargo can cause an accident or penalty.

Cargo distribution

It must be placed:

• as low as possible

• balanced

Avoid:

• overloading on one side

Protruding cargo

It may protrude:

• provided it is properly signaled

It must be signaled:

• when it protrudes from the rear

Weight limit

You must not exceed:

• the maximum authorized mass (MMA)

💡 Typical mistake:

Driving overweight is a serious infraction.

Driver visibility

The cargo must not:

• obstruct vision

• interfere with driving

Transport of dangerous goods

Requires:

• specific regulations

• special signaling

• authorization

3. TRANSPORT OF PERSONS

General rule

People must travel:

• in the designated place

• with seat belt

Number of occupants

You must not exceed:

• the number of authorized seats

💡 Frequently asked:

Never more occupants than approved seats.

Use of seat belt

Mandatory for:

• driver

• passengers

Transport of minors

Minors must use:

• appropriate child restraint systems

Passenger location

Prohibited:

• traveling in places not designed for it

• standing in unauthorized vehicles

Transport in goods vehicles

As a general rule:

• people cannot be transported in the cargo area

Except:

• authorized vehicles or specific conditions

Buses

Key rules:

• seat count control

• mandatory use of seat belt when available

4. SAFETY TECHNIQUES

Safe driving with cargo

Consider:

• greater vehicle inertia

• greater braking distance

Braking with cargo

The vehicle needs:

• more distance to stop

Curves with cargo

Risk:

• shifting of the cargo

You must reduce:

• speed

5. COMMON MISTAKES IN THE EXAM

• confusing the use of high and low beams

• not using fog lights correctly

• forgetting that cargo must be secured

• exceeding authorized seats

• transporting people in cargo areas

6. QUICK DGT TIPS

Lights

• Dipped beam → normal use

• Main beam → no traffic ahead

• Fog light → only with low visibility

Cargo

• Always secured

• Never overweight

People

• Never more seats than authorized

• Always seat belt

ULTRA QUICK SUMMARY

Lighting

Use lights according to visibility and do not dazzle.

Cargo

Secured, balanced and within limits.

People

Only authorized seats and with seat belt.