Content focused exclusively on:

• lighting systems

• rules for using lights

• transport of goods (cargo)

• transport of people

• common techniques and rules in the DGT exam

1. VEHICLE LIGHTING

Mandatory use of lights

Lights must be used to:

• see

• be seen

• increase safety

Position lights

Indicate:

• presence of the vehicle.

Used:

• in low visibility conditions

• when parking on certain roads.

Low beam lights

Used:

• at night

• in tunnels

• in rain or fog

• when visibility is insufficient

💡 Frequently asked:

Low beam is the most used in normal night driving.

High beam lights

Used:

• on unlit interurban roads

Must be switched to low beam when:

• there are vehicles ahead

• vehicles are coming from the opposite direction

💡 Typical DGT error:

Do not blind other drivers.

Front fog light

Used:

• in fog

• heavy rain

• snow

Helps to:

• improve close visibility

Rear fog light

Mandatory or recommended use:

• dense fog

• very heavy rain

💡 Important:

It is very powerful, it can blind if used incorrectly.

Turn signals

Used to:

• indicate maneuvers

• turns

• overtaking

• lane changes

💡 DGT rule:

Always signal before maneuvering.

Emergency lights

Used when:

• there is danger

• vehicle stopped due to breakdown

Lighting in tunnels

Mandatory to use:

• low beam

Incorrect use of lights

It is prohibited:

• to blind other drivers

• to use high beams unnecessarily

2. TRANSPORT OF CARGO (GOODS)

General principles

Cargo must be transported:

• securely

• properly secured

• without danger to traffic

Securing the cargo

Must avoid:

• movement

• falling

• excessive noise or vibration

💡 Frequently asked:

Poorly secured cargo can cause accidents or fines.

Distribution of the cargo

Must be placed:

• as low as possible

• balanced

Avoid:

• overloading on one side

Overhanging cargo

Can overhang:

• as long as it is properly signaled

Must be signaled:

• when it overhangs at the back

Weight limitation

Must not exceed:

• the maximum authorized mass (MMA)

💡 Typical error:

Driving with overweight is a serious offense.

Driver visibility

The cargo must not:

• impede vision

• interfere with driving

Transport of dangerous goods

Requires:

• specific regulations

• special signaling

• authorization

3. TRANSPORT OF PEOPLE

General rule

People must travel:

• in the designated place

• with seatbelt

Number of occupants

Must not exceed:

• the number of authorized seats

💡 Frequently asked:

Never more occupants than homologated seats.

Use of seatbelt

Mandatory for:

• driver

• passengers

Transport of minors

Minors must use:

• appropriate child restraint systems

Location of passengers

Prohibited:

• to travel in places not designed

• to stand in unauthorized vehicles

Transport in cargo vehicles

As a general rule:

• people cannot be transported in the cargo area

Except:

• authorized vehicles or specific conditions

Buses

Key rules:

• seat control

• mandatory use of seatbelt when available

4. SAFETY TECHNIQUES

Safe driving with cargo

Must take into account:

• greater inertia of the vehicle

• greater stopping distance

Braking with cargo

The vehicle needs:

• more distance to stop

Turning with cargo

Risk:

• movement of the cargo

Must reduce:

• speed

5. COMMON ERRORS IN THE EXAM

• confusing use of high and low beams

• not using fog lights correctly

• forgetting that cargo must be secured

• exceeding authorized seats

• transporting people in cargo areas

6. QUICK DGT TRICKS

Lights

• Low beam → normal use

• High beam → no traffic ahead

• Fog lights → only with low visibility

Cargo

• Always secured

• Never overweight

People

• Never more seats than authorized

• Always seatbelt

ULTRA QUICK SUMMARY

Lighting

Use lights according to visibility and do not blind.

Cargo

Secured, balanced, and within limits.

People

Only authorized seats and with seatbelt.