Driver's Physical State

A driver's physical and mental state is paramount for road safety. Distractions are a primary danger, significantly increasing reaction time. Manual use of a mobile phone is strictly forbidden at all times while driving, including when stopped in traffic. Hands-free devices are permitted only if they do not require hands or headphones, but even these are a cognitive distraction. The safest action is to pull over to a safe location before using a phone. Similarly, GPS devices must be programmed before starting your trip, and your own judgment must always override the device's instructions.

Fatigue and drowsiness are critical risks that slow reflexes and impair judgment. They are often caused by long trips, monotonous roads, bad weather, or driving during periods of natural tiredness, such as early mornings or after lunch. The only effective remedy for fatigue is to stop in a safe place and rest. On long journeys, it is essential to take a break at least every two hours or every 200-300 kilometers and to avoid heavy meals or stimulant drinks, which can have a dangerous rebound effect.

Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs is a serious offense with severe consequences. Driving with drugs in your system is prohibited and results in a 6-point license deduction. Strict blood alcohol limits are enforced, with lower limits for novice drivers in their first two years. All drivers, including cyclists, must submit to alcohol or drug testing when required by an officer. A positive test or a refusal to be tested will result in the vehicle being immobilized, unless a licensed and sober passenger can take control.

Other physical factors also impact driving. High speeds create a 'tunnel effect' that narrows your field of vision, and correct driving posture is crucial for vehicle control. A driver's age, medical conditions, medications, and emotional state can all affect their ability to drive safely. It is the driver's responsibility to ensure they are physically and mentally fit to be behind the wheel at all times, maintaining constant attention to the road.